Concept of Heat

Hello, for chemistry, our class has been learning about the effects of heat, there are four new words that we have learned about, they are conduction, convection, contraction, and expansion, here are their meanings.

Conduction is when the heat travels through the solid causing it to vibrate.

Convection is the same but it travels through a gas or liquid.

Contraction is when the solid becomes smaller, this happens when you cool it.

Expansion is the opposite, including the part when you cool it.

Examples: 

When you heat up a cube the cube becomes larger this is an expansion.

When the heat goes through the cube this will make it vibrate, this is called conduction.

When you cool the cube it will become smaller than it originally was, this is called contraction.

When you heat up a liquid, that will be called convection.

We have also done some experiments that explained these they used these: Contraction (imploding can), Expansion (ball and hoop), Conduction (dropping pins), Convection in liquid (permanganate crystal in water), Convection in gas (tea bag rockets)

Detailed Explanation

Conduction

Expansion and Contraction

Dirty water experiment

 Hello, for chemistry we made dirty water

Method:

1. Method:

   1. Use a 250mL beaker to get 200mL of water.

   2. Add 2 spoonfuls of dirt.

   3. Add 10mL of oil.

   4. Add a spoonful of pebbles

   5. Stir it for 2mins.

   6. Label a piece of paper with your names and place it under your beaker.

   7. Take a photo of your experiment.

   Early finishers can finish off a google doc

In the end, the water didn't turn out as good as expected 

Dirty water experiment 2

A week later we cleaned the water even more

here is the method we used

1. Stir your dirty water for 1min.

2. Using a measuring cylinder, measure 100mL of your dirty water into another beaker.

3. Add 100mL of water to the dirty water.

4. Stir for 2mins.

5. Discard the original 100mL of dirty water.

6. Repeat again.

7. Take a photo of your experiment.

And here is the setup for our next experiment

We put a cloth on a funnel over another funnel that has filter paper in it, the cloth is used to get rid of dirt, and the filter paper is used to get rid of small particles.

this has made a huge improvement to the water as now we can't see a single piece of dirt.

Digestive system

Hello, for chemistry today I've been doing dissections and the next one I'm doing is a rat dissection. Before I start the dissection I have to learn about the important organs that make up the digestion system, the organs that I will be learning are the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, and large intestine.

I'll be explaining these in their order above first is the esophagus, this organ is the first organ that the food goes through it connects the mouth to the stomach, this organ is used to break down the food before it gets to the stomach.

The stomach, this organ is where the food is broken down more using stomach acid.

The small intestine, this organ is next it is also used for breaking down food and so is the large intestine, did you know that the small intestine is seven meters long?

The large intestine, this organ is exactly like the small intestine it doesn't need much explaining but it is five feet long and three inches in diameter.

The liver, the purpose of the liver is to regulate the levels of chemicals in the body and to make it easier to digest.

There are four keywords that are used to explain digestion these are.

Ingestion is the intake of food.

Digestion is the process of consuming the food

Absorption is the process of converting food into energy 

Egestion is where you excrete the food out of the body

I hope you learned about the digestion system bye.

Egg Drop Challenge!

 Egg Drop Challenge!

Hello, at science I and my team have been designing an egg lander for our egg we named him Felix Eggstrong we had only two days to make it we were given foam, popsicle sticks, skewers, rubber bands, string, paper, tape and some bit of a plastic bag we used these materials to create an egg lander, the foam did most of the work as it absorbed most of the damage if I were to do this again I would have to add another parachute as the egg fell quick the best part of our build was the foam as it helped the most and made it look better.

I hope you liked this post, bye.

Gravity on other planets

Gravity on other planets 

Hello, For this lesson I was learning about gravity on other planets here are some questions our teacher has given us.

Is gravity same on all planets?

No, the larger the mass equals more gravity meaning Jupiter has the most gravity and mercury has the least, did you know that Jupiter has 2.3 more gravity than earth?

How is gravity related to mass?

The more mass something has the more gravity plus the closer mass is to other objects the more gravitational pull.

Calculate your mass on other planets

How will your life change on other planets?

By living on planets with less gravity you have to exercise more because there is less gravity to weigh to down during exercise and the opposite works for planets with stronger gravity.

Bye.

Making biltong

Aim: I want to find out how to make biltong

hypothesis: the salt will dry the meat and kill bacteria thanks to its salty environment

research: Salt kills some types of bacteria  This process requires you to rub salt into meat to get the salt concentration to 20 percent or higher. ... You then add in your food, usually vegetables and meats, and this will both prevent bacterial growth and kill most bacteria already on the food. Source from Google

Method:

Equipment:

• Tablespoon of salt
• Strip of beef
• Flavorings (Spices, Chilli and Pepper, etc)
• Fishing line + Hooks
• Bowl
• Knife

Instructions:

1. Wash hands with soap
2. Get your equipment ready
3. Mix salt and flavorings in a bowl
4. Put the meat in the bowl and rub the salt into it
5. Use the knife and cut a hole in the top of the meat

Decomposing and recycling

Aim: To learn about the rate that different materials decompose. 
Hypothesis: I think banana will rot first then goes to the paper then bread and so on to the styrofoam

Materials:  

1. 4 Test tubes 
2.   banana
3.   styrofoam cup
4.   test tube holder
5.   paper
6.   bread
7.   water

Steps:

1.   put the banana, cup, paper, and bread in the test tubes
2.   put the tubes in the holder
3.   wait as much as the table shows below
4.   check up on the samples
5.  write down your findings on what rotted quickest  

Findings:

TODAY	Colour	Change	Observations
Banana			Rotted most
Paper			degraded most
Styrophone cup			less degrade
Bread			less rot

                                                                                                                                                                                              

•   
•   
•   
• 
  

3 weeks	Colour	Change	Observations
Banana			The most
Paper			The second
Styrophone cup			Last
Bread		5%	Third

•   
•   
•   
• 
  

5 weeks	Colour	Change	Observations
Banana		ALOT	It looked like corn but mixed with garlic
Paper		40%	looked like used tissues
Styrophone cup		20%	looked like sand
Bread		15%	looked like vomit but yellowish

  

•    
•    
•     
•    

Images:

Conclusion:

Solar Power

Solar Energy

Aim: To find out which color attracts the suns heat

Hypothesis: I think Black because its the opposite to reflecting white

Materials:

1. 2 Tin Foil Sheets

2. 3 Plastic cups

3. 2 Black Sheets

4. 1 White Paper

5. Heat Lamp

6. Water

7. Thermometer

Steps

1. Put water in each cup about like 5th a cup 

2. Wrap the sheets and paper around each cup

3. plug in the heat lamp

4. make the lamp face the cups

5. put the other sheets under the cups that are the same as the ones on top

6. dip thermometer in cup

7. every 15 mins check temperature

Findings: Black is hottest

Time	Cup 1 White	Cup 2 Black	Cup 3 Tinfoil
0	16	16	16
15	22	24	21
30	20	22	21
45	21	23	21

Conclusion: now we know which color takes the most heat thanks for reading bye

Activity: 

In pairs rate the livability of coal vs solar energy.

Comparing Coal energy with Solar energy ( Rate; 1 = poor to 10 = great)

Factor	Solar	Coal
Livability	10	5
Sustainability	10	6
Accessibility	10	4
Cost	2	5
Your choice...	10	1

The Greenhouse Effect

The Greenhouse Effect
By Elias

Materials
1. 2 plastic bottle
2. 1 Teaspoon Baking Soda and Citric Acid
3. 2 heat lamp
4. 2 Thermometer
5. 100 ml water
6. 1 rubber bung

Steps
1. Collect 2 bottles 2 lamps and 2 thermometers from the teacher.
2. set up bottles and lamps beside a powerpoint on a flat surface.
3. Pour 100ml water and baking soda mixture into one of the bottles. add just water to the second bottle 
4. Start to record your findings taken from bottle thermometers. these must be every 5 minutes. 

Findings:

Minutes	Bottle 1: Water	Bottle 2: Co２ Gas
0	18	18
5	25	30
10	22	24
15	22	25
20	23	27
25	25	29

Conclusion: the temperature of the CO₂ bottle rose higher  than the normal bottle. this is showed that CO₂ heats up our atmosphere very fast.